Utilization of DNA

DNA is an important part of our lives that functions key roles. In the past, researchers and scientists could not tackle with DNA since technology was not highly developed to detect and modify such a small and intricate object. However, new techniques developed recently completely revolutionized the field of genetics and enabled scientists to utilize...

Application of Enzymes

Last week, we talked about one of the applications of enzymes in real life, which is using pectinase to extract apple juice. Today we will discuss another use of enzymes in industry, which is utilizing lactase to produce lactose-free milk. This application is commonly taught and referred to, which implies its significance.  Immobilized Enzyme Enzymes...

Effect of Pectinase Concentration on the Volume of Apple Juice

In this current society, an enzyme called pectinase is used frequently by apple juice factories to speed up the process of apple juice production. To test whether pectinase is actually effective in producing juice, I conducted an investigation by observing apple juice yield when the concentration of pectinase is changed. Today I would like to...

Modifications of DNA

We have previously learned about DNA replication in the cell cycle. The essential content was that during mitosis, DNA replicates into two so that two daughter cells can have identical copies of DNA. However, DNA replication is far more sophisticated. Also, DNA goes through many modifications other than replication such as transcription and translation. Today...

Structure of DNA and RNA

DNA and RNA are two components of organisms that play a significant role. They are contained in the nucleus, which is the center of all cellular activity. While DNA and RNA sound similar, they display different structures and carry out distinct roles. Today we will learn about the structures of DNA and RNA.    ...

Protein Functions and Denaturation

Today we will continue the discussion from the last post about proteins. This post will be mainly focused on the functions of protein and denaturation. Two Forms of Protein   The two forms of protein are globular and fibrous. Globular proteins are spherical. They are active during cell metabolism and consist of complex polypeptide chains....

Fats and Health

The last post about the structure and function of lipids. I mentioned the relationship between fats and health briefly. Whereas trans fats and saturated fats are considered to be unhealthy, cis fats are actually healthy. Today we will discuss how lipids can be advantageous to the human body, which partially contradicts a common stereotype. Energy...

Carbohydrates and Lipids

Carbohydrates and lipids are the two major categories of compounds. These two compounds are mostly composed of three atoms: carbon (C), hydrogen (H), and oxygen (O). Carbohydrates and lipids both play a significant role in supplying and storing energy. Today we will look at the structure and function of these two organic compounds. Carbohydrates  ...

Properties of Water

On the last post, we talked about the polarity and thermal properties of water. Today we will continue on the discussion of properties of water and move on to the cohesive, adhesive, and solvent properties. Cohesive Properties of Water The definition of cohesion is the "binding together of two molecules of the same type." Water...

Water

Water is often referred to as the medium of life. It is an essential component to all forms of life - 65% of human body cells are made up of water, and some plants and animals are composed of up to 90% of water. Thus, water is an essential compound in the circle of life,...